To assess wind velocity, Admiral Sir Francis Beaufort introduced the Beaufort wind speed scale in 1805, originally designed for maritime
According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, ‘Jet streams are relatively narrow bands of strong wind in the upper
According to the National Weather Service (NOAA) “A tornado is a violently rotating column of air extending from the base
The heating and cooling of the atmosphere is accomplished through the processes of direct absorption of solar radiation, conduction, terrestrial
Earth is an incredible planet with a vast surface spanning 500 million square kilometers (193 million square miles). This surface
The early Earth’s atmosphere was believed to be devoid of free oxygen. The production of molecular oxygen (O2) occurred after
