Access the latest NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Geography Chapter-7: Lifelines of National Economy, updated for 2024-2025. Solution is designed to help students tackle difficult questions with ease. The content is written in simple, easy-to-understand language.
Exercise
Solved Multiple Choice Questions
(i) Which two of the following extreme locations are connected by the east west corridor?
a) Mumbai and Nagpur
b) Silchar and Porbandar
c) Mumbai and Kolkata
d) Nagpur and Siligudi
Answer: b) Silchar and Porbandar
(ii) Which mode of transportation reduces transshipment losses and delays?
a) Railways
b) Roadways
c) Pipeline
d) Waterways
Answer: c) Pipeline
(iii) Which one of the following states is not connected with the H.V.J. pipeline?
a) Madhya Pradesh
b) Maharashtra
c) Gujarat
d) Uttar Pradesh
Answer: b) Maharashtra
(iv) Which one of the following ports is the deepest landlocked and well protected port along the east coast?
a) Chennai
b) Paradip
c) Tuticorin
d) Visakhapatnam
Answer: d) Visakhapatnam
(v) Which one of the following is the most important mode of transportation in India?
a) Pipeline
b) Railways
c) Roadways
d) Airways
Answer: c) Roadways
(vi) Which one of the following terms is used to describe trade between two or more countries?
a) Internal trade
b) International trade
c) External trade
d) Local trade
Answer: b) International trade
Short Answer Questions (30 words)
(i) State any three merits of roadways.
1. Roadways are economical for short distances.
2. They provide door to door service, reducing loading and unloading costs.
3. Roads can traverse diverse terrains like mountains and deserts.
(ii) Where and why is rail transport the most convenient means of transportation?
Rail transport is most convenient in northern plains due to flat terrain, high population density, and agricultural production, facilitating the movement of goods and passengers efficiently over long distances.
(iii) What is the significance of the border roads?
Border roads are essential for defense and economic development in remote areas. They improve connectivity in difficult terrains and play a crucial role during emergencies and national security operations.
(iv) What is meant by trade? What is the difference between international and local trade?
Trade refers to the exchange of goods and services between people. International trade occurs between different countries, while local trade happens within cities, towns, or villages of a country.
Long Answer Questions (120 words)
(i) Why are the means of transportation and communication called the lifelines of a nation and its economy?
Transportation and communication are essential for the economic and social integration of a nation. They facilitate the movement of goods and people, promote trade, and enhance the exchange of information across regions. Transport networks such as railways, roadways, airways, and waterways enable smooth operations of businesses and services, making the economy function efficiently. Similarly, communication systems, including the internet, telephones, and postal services, allow individuals and organizations to exchange information quickly. Together, they connect remote areas to the mainstream, promote tourism, and strengthen international relations, contributing to the overall economic growth and development of the nation.
(ii) Write a note on the changing nature of international trade in the last fifteen years.
Over the past 15 years, international trade has undergone significant changes due to globalization and advancements in technology. Countries have moved from trade in primary goods like raw materials to a focus on manufactured and digital products. Trade agreements have fostered economic cooperation, while ecommerce and online platforms have facilitated cross border trade. India has emerged as a software and IT services hub, earning foreign exchange through exports. Environmental concerns have also impacted trade policies, with a focus on sustainable trade practices. Furthermore, regional trade blocks and free trade agreements have become prominent, reshaping trade relations among nations.
Here are some important short answer questions and answers from Chapter 7: Lifelines of National Economy (NCERT Class 10 Geography). These questions are framed based on commonly asked themes in previous board exams and UPSC prelims.
Other Important Short answer Type Questions
1. Why are roadways preferred over railways in India?
- Roadways are easier and cheaper to construct compared to railways.
- They provide door to door service, reducing loading and unloading costs.
- Roads can traverse difficult terrains, like mountains, which is not always possible for railways.
2. What is the Golden Quadrilateral? Why is it important?
- The Golden Quadrilateral is a network of highways connecting Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata.
- It reduces travel time between major cities and boosts trade and commerce across India.
3. What are Border Roads? Mention their significance.
- Border roads are roads built along India’s borders for strategic purposes by the Border Roads Organisation (BRO).
- They improve connectivity in remote border areas, aiding defense and economic development.
4. What is the role of the National Highway Authority of India (NHAI)?
- NHAI is responsible for the development, maintenance, and management of India’s national highways.
- It ensures smooth and safe road transportation across the country.
5. Explain the importance of railways in the Indian economy.
- Railways connect remote areas with markets, boosting agriculture and industry.
- They facilitate the movement of people and goods over long distances at affordable costs.
6. What is the purpose of the Konkan Railway? What challenges does it face?
- The Konkan Railway connects Maharashtra, Goa, and Karnataka along the western coast.
- It faces challenges such as landslides and sinking tracks in some stretches.
7. What are pipelines used for in India?
- Pipelines are used to transport crude oil, petroleum products, and natural gas over long distances.
- They reduce transportation delays and minimize transshipment losses.
8. Name any two important inland waterways in India.
- National Waterway 1: The Ganga River between Allahabad and Haldia.
- National Waterway 2: The Brahmaputra River between Sadiya and Dhubri.
9. What is the UDAN scheme?
- UDAN (Ude Desh ka Aam Nagrik) promotes affordable air travel and connects regional airports.
- It aims to enhance regional connectivity across the country.
10. Why is air transport essential in the northeastern states of India?
- The northeastern states have difficult terrain with mountains and dense forests, making road and rail transport challenging.
- Air transport ensures quick and reliable connectivity to these remote areas.
11. What role do major ports play in India’s economy?
- Major ports handle 95% of India’s trade volume, facilitating exports and imports.
- They are essential for connecting India to global markets.
12. What is international trade? Why is it important?
- International trade refers to the exchange of goods and services between countries.
- It brings foreign exchange, improves living standards, and promotes economic growth.
13. What is the difference between a favorable and unfavorable balance of trade?
- Favorable: When the value of exports exceeds imports.
- Unfavorable: When the value of imports exceeds exports.
14. How does tourism contribute to the Indian economy?
- Tourism provides employment, promotes cultural exchange, and supports local handicrafts.
- It also generates foreign exchange through international tourists.
15. What are the components of mass communication?
- Mass communication includes television, radio, newspapers, magazines, films, and the internet.
- It spreads information, educates people, and promotes national integration.
16. Explain the term ‘Digital India’.
Digital India is a government initiative to promote digital infrastructure and services.
It aims to transform India into a digitally empowered society.
17. What is the significance of the Mumbai Port and Jawaharlal Nehru Port?
- Mumbai Port is India’s largest and most important natural harbor.
- Jawaharlal Nehru Port was developed to decongest Mumbai Port and serve as a hub for the region.
18. Why is water transport considered environment friendly?
- Water transport is fuel efficient and causes minimal pollution.
- It is ideal for carrying heavy and bulky goods.
19. What are the challenges faced by Indian Railways?
- Overcrowding, theft, and damage to railway property.
- Delays caused by chain pulling and maintenance issues.
20. How does communication support trade and transport?
- Communication enables the smooth exchange of information between buyers and sellers.
- It supports efficient transport operations by coordinating movements of goods and services.
MCQs: Lifelines of National Economy
Here are 20 multiple choice questions (MCQs) with answers based on Chapter 7: Lifelines of National Economy from the NCERT Class 10 Geography textbook. These questions reflect commonly asked themes in previous Class 10 exams and UPSC prelims, focusing on transport, communication, and trade.
MCQs on Lifelines of National Economy (NCERT Class 10, Chapter 7)
1. Which is the largest public sector undertaking in India?
a) NTPC
b) BHEL
c) Indian Railways
d) ONGC
Answer: c) Indian Railways
2. Which road project connects Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, and Kolkata?
a) NorthSouth Corridor
b) Golden Quadrilateral
c) EastWest Corridor
d) National Highway 48
Answer: b) Golden Quadrilateral
3. Which is the busiest railway junction in Northern India?
a) Varanasi
b) Lucknow
c) New Delhi
d) Mughalsarai
Answer: d) Mughalsarai
4. Which mode of transport is ideal for carrying heavy and bulky goods over long distances?
a) Airways
b) Railways
c) Roadways
d) Waterways
Answer: b) Railways
5. Which Indian port is the deepest landlocked and wellprotected?
a) Chennai
b) Visakhapatnam
c) Tuticorin
d) Paradip
Answer: b) Visakhapatnam
6. Which river is part of the National Waterway No. 1?
a) Ganga
b) Godavari
c) Brahmaputra
d) Krishna
Answer: a) Ganga
7. Which highway connects Silchar in Assam to Porbandar in Gujarat?
a) EastWest Corridor
b) NorthSouth Corridor
c) NH44
d) NH48
Answer: a) EastWest Corridor
8. What is the primary purpose of the Border Roads Organization?
a) Constructing highways
b) Building and maintaining roads in strategic border areas
c) Managing sea ports
d) Laying railway tracks along the borders
Answer: b) Building and maintaining roads in strategic border areas
9. Which pipeline connects Salaya in Gujarat to Jalandhar in Punjab?
a) HVJ Pipeline
b) SalayaJagdishpur Pipeline
c) Mumbai High Pipeline
d) BarauniHaldia Pipeline
Answer: b) SalayaJagdishpur Pipeline
10. Which Indian airline service provides helicopter services for remote areas?
a) Indian Airlines
b) Vistara
c) Pawanhans Helicopters Ltd.
d) Air India
Answer: c) Pawanhans Helicopters Ltd.
11. Which city is known as the hub of India’s IT industry?
a) Mumbai
b) Hyderabad
c) Chennai
d) Bengaluru
Answer: d) Bengaluru
12. Which type of trade is carried out within a country’s boundaries?
a) International trade
b) Internal trade
c) Local trade
d) Export Import trade
Answer: b) Internal trade
13. What percentage of India’s trade by volume is conducted through seaports?
a) 50%
b) 68%
c) 75%
d) 95%
Answer: d) 95%
14. Which type of communication includes radio, television, and newspapers?
a) Personal communication
b) Mass communication
c) Digital communication
d) Direct communication
Answer: b) Mass communication
15. What does the UDAN scheme aim to promote?
a) Highspeed rail networks
b) Regional air connectivity
c) International tourism
d) Expansion of highways
Answer: b) Regional air connectivity
16. Which Indian port was developed to ease congestion on Mumbai port?
a) Kandla
b) Paradip
c) Jawaharlal Nehru Port (Nhava Sheva)
d) Kochi
Answer: c) Jawaharlal Nehru Port (Nhava Sheva)
17. Which form of transport is most suitable for hilly terrains in India?
a) Railways
b) Roadways
c) Waterways
d) Airways
Answer: b) Roadways
18. Which Indian river is part of National Waterway No. 2?
a) Ganga
b) Brahmaputra
c) Mahanadi
d) Godavari
Answer: b) Brahmaputra
19. Which term describes the difference between a country’s exports and imports?
a) Trade balance
b) Terms of trade
c) Balance of payments
d) Net trade
Answer: a) Trade balance
20. Which is the oldest artificial port in India?
a) Chennai
b) Mumbai
c) Kochi
d) Visakhapatnam
Answer: a) Chennai
Other Chapter
| Chapter 1:- Resources and Development | Chapter 2:- Forest and Wildlife Resources |
| Chapter 3:- Water Resources | Chapter 4:- Agriculture |
| Chapter 5:- Mineral and Energy Resources | Chapter 6:- Manufacturing Industries |
